Analysis Of John Gardner s Beowulf - 1009 Words

John Gardner offers an alternate interpretation of the old english epic â€Å"Beowulf† by narrating the experiences of the monster Grendel, after whom the book is named. Grendel conveys himself as a homicidal, ravenous beast, only capable of destruction and chaos. Therefore, one can conclude that Grendel is indeed evil, and that he well deserves the cessation of his existence. However, depending on the philosophical ideologies and the relative perspective one finds self in, they may conclude differently. Nevertheless, the reader may likely to find one’s self both sympathizing with, and scorning Grendel, because, as the 10th century old english monster says, â€Å"balance is everything†. Evil, like many other things we humans take as absolutes, is ultimately a matter of perspective. President Barack Obama once said â€Å"...evil is senseless. It’s beyond reason†. Senselessness immorality often coincide in topics surrounding evil. However, as many philosophers and political thinkers alike question, â€Å"what defines morality†? A Nihilist may think that â€Å"all values are baseless and that nothing can be known or communicated†, nor would one have â€Å" [any] purpose, other than, perhaps, an impulse to destroy† (Pratt). Grendel has a nihilistic epiphany early in his life, when he narrates â€Å"I understood that the world was nothing: a mechanical chaos of casual, brute enmity on which we stupidly impose our hopes and fears† (Garder 21-22). Grendel also performs a plethora of destructive acts in the novel,Show MoreRelatedGrendel1242 Words   |  5 PagesGrendel as a Ridiculous Character Probably one of the greatest questions of the 19th century comes directly from John Gardner’s novel Grendel. Given a world with no inherent meaning, how should one live his or her life? Grendel lives in a world that he is not supposed to be in, acting out on emotion. Grendel represents the animalistic traits of humans. His actions are primitive and based around society’s acceptance throughout the novel. Grendel portrays a ridiculous character that is convincedRead MoreAnalysis Of John Gardner s The And The Brave Universe 1642 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Gardner s brilliantly composed Grendel is an analysis on the benefits and defects of both sorts of perspective: the existentialist significance free universe, and the brave universe, where each activity is pervaded with reason and power. Without a doubt, the book brings up numerous philosophical issues as to the significance of life and also to the way people characterize themselves. Furthermore, Gardner depicts persist ent examination, and last endorsement, of existentialist perspectives

The Importance of Website Designing to Ensure Better Interface in Coursework

Essays on The Importance of Website Designing to Ensure Better Interface in Online Gaming Industry Coursework The paper "The Importance of Website Designing to Ensure Better Interface in the Online Gaming Industry" is a brilliant example of coursework on e-commerce. The growth witnessed in the online gaming industry has made many organizations look towards investing in the business model. The world gaming industry has undergone rapid changes and with the development witnessed in technology the adaptability towards online games has increased. People of different ages are looking to play games online due to their enjoyment and feel that people get while playing. The online gaming industry has transformed and makes people playing the game feel as if they are present themselves by making visuals in such a way that it gives a real feel. This has made people of all ages shift towards the online gaming industry and the changes being witnessed by the world in this direction have many takers. The development seen in the gaming industry has resulted in many organizations to look towards it and develop their business model which helps to multiply the experience the customer is looking for. This has made the defense forces to look towards using different games while hiring people so that they visualize the actual feel they will have when they join the forces thereby helping the defense force to hire the correct manpower.Purpose of the ReportTo draw a marketing plan for an online gaming industryTo identify the target customer base and the market for the online gaming businessTo identify the marketing strategy and the manner online gaming industry uses its website to market their productsTo provide a basic description of the contents of a website along with design, color, and others which will arouse the interest of people towards this industryOnline Gaming IndustryThe online gaming industry has seen widespread growth as more and more people are preferring the mode. The importance of online gaming has further grown due to the growth witnessed in Facebook which has made more people u sing this site have some association with online games (Online Games, 2011). More people are looking towards online games as it requires less time compared to consoles where people have to follow a process but websites allow people to jump to games and enjoy the one they like.It has also been witnessed that the interactive market i.e. internet gaming industry is bound to multiply three times from the present $18 billion to $64 billion (Online Games, 2011). The growing importance of the online gaming industry has made the different websites look towards developing their websites and providing access to different games which helps the players to enjoy the games as if they are playing originally.The manner in which the online industry has ensured that the different organizations based on it can design their business model thereby benefitting the company. The defense forces can also ensure that they use it and develop their strategy which helps them to recruit people in such a way that they feel part of the forces.

Photography (991 words) Essay Example For Students

Photography (991 words) Essay PhotographyPhotographyPhotography is a technique of producingpermanent images on sensitized surfaces by means of the photochemical actionof light or other forms of radiant energy. In todays society, photography playsimportant roles as an information medium, as a tool in science and technology,and as an art form, and it is also a popular hobby. It is essential atevery level of business and industry, being used in advertising, documentation,photojournalism, and many other ways. Scientific research, ranging fromthe study of outer space to the study of the world of subatomic particles,relies heavily on photography as a tool. In the 19th century, photographywas the domain of a few professionals because it required large camerasand glass photographic plates. During the first decades of the 20th century,however, with the introduction of roll film and the box camera, it camewithin the reach of the public as a whole. Today the industry offers amateurand professional photographers a large variety of cameras and accessories. See also Motion Picture. The Camera and Its AccessoriesModern cameras operate on the basicprinciple of the camera obscura (see Historical Development, below). Lightpassing through a tiny hole, or aperture, into an otherwise lightproofbox casts an image on the surface opposite the aperture. The addition ofa lens sharpens the image, and film makes possible a fixed, reproducibleimage. The camera is the mechanism by which film can be exposed in a controlledmanner. Although they differ in structural details, modern cameras consistof four basic components: body, shutter, diaphragm, and lens. Located inthe body is a lightproof chamber in which film is held and exposed. Alsoin the body, located opposite the film and behind the lens, are the diaphragmand shutter. The lens, which is affixed to the front of the body, is actuallya grouping of optical glass lenses. Housed in a metal ring or cylinder,it allows the photographer to focus an image on the film. The lens maybe fixed in place or set in a movable mount. Objects located at variousdistances from the camera can be brought into sharp focus by adjustingthe distance between the lens and the film. The diaphragm, a circular aperturebehind the lens, operates in conjunction with the shutter to admit lightinto the lighttight chamber. This opening may be fixed, as in many amateurcameras, or it may be adjustable. Adjustable diaphragms are composed ofoverlapping strips of metal or plastic that, when spread apart, form anopening of the same diameter as the lens; when meshed together, they forma small opening behind the center of the lens. The aperture openings correspondto numerical settings, called f-stops, on the camera or the lens. The shutter, a spring-activated mechanicaldevice, keeps light from entering the camera except during the intervalof exposure. Most modern cameras have focal-plane or leaf shutters. Someolder amateur cameras use a drop-blade shutter, consisting of a hingedpiece that, when released, pulls across the diaphragm opening and exposesthe film for about 1/30th of a second. In the leaf shutter, at the momentof exposure, a cluster of meshed blades springs apart to uncover the fulllens aperture and then springs shut. The focal-plane shutter consists ofa black shade with a variable-size slit across its width. When released,the shade moves quickly across the film, exposing it progressively as theslit moves. Most modern cameras also have somesort of viewing system or viewfinder to enable the photographer to see,through the lens of the camera, the scene being photographed. Single-lensreflex cameras all incorporate this design feature, and almost all general-usecameras have some form of focusing system as well as a film-advance mechanism. .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff , .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff .postImageUrl , .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff , .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff:hover , .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff:visited , .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff:active { border:0!important; } .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff:active , .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc7756e7b3bb196af3ab8deaddc2b2bff:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Thedore Roosevelt EssayCamera DesignsCameras come in a variety of configurationsand sizes. The first cameras, pinhole cameras, had no lens. The flowof light was controlled simply by blocking the pinhole. The first camerain general use, the box camera, consists of a wooden or plastic box witha simple lens and a drop-blade shutter at one end and a holder for rollfilm at the other. The box camera is equipped with a simple viewfinderthat shows the extent of the picture area. Some models have, in addition,one or two diaphragm apertures and a simple focusing device. The view camera, used primarily byprofessionals, is the camera closest in design to early cameras that isstill in widespread use. Despite the unique capability of the view camera,however, other camera types, because of their greater versatility, aremore commonly used by both amateurs and professionals. Chief among theseare the single- lens reflex (SLR), twin-lens reflex (TLR), and rangefinder. Most SLR and rangefinder cameras use the 35-millimeter film format, whilemost TLR as well as some SLR and rangefinder cameras use medium-formatfilm?that is, size 120 or 220. View CamerasView cameras are generally largerand heavier than medium- and small-format cameras and are most often usedfor studio, landscape, and architectural photography. These cameras uselarge-format films that produce either negatives or transparencies withfar greater detail and sharpness than smaller format film. View camerashave a metal or wood base with a geared track on which two metal standardsride, one in front and one in back, connected by a bellows. The front standardcontains the lens and shutter; the rear holds a framed ground-glass panel,in front of which the film holder is inserted. The body configuration ofthe view camera, unlike that of most general-purpose cameras, is adjustable. The front and rear standards can be shifted, tilted, raised, or swung,allowing the photographer excellent control of perspective and focus. Rangefinder CamerasRangefinder cameras have a viewfinder through which the photographer seesand frames the subject or scene. The viewfinder does not, however, showthe scene through the lens but instead closely approximates what the lenswould record. This situation, in which the point of view of the lens doesnot match that of the viewfinder, results in what is known as parallax. At longer distances, the effects of parallax are negligible. At short distances,however, they become more pronounced, making it difficult for the photographerto frame a scene or subject with certainty. Reflex Cameras

The Background Of Internal Control Systems Accounting Essay Example For Students

The Background Of Internal Control Systems Accounting Essay In the past, internal control maps were limited and assigned to internal hearers and internal accounting directors. Today, the concerns of the construct have been generalised and more attending paid by senior direction to do certain that the appropriate internal control systems are put in topographic point and good monitored for the sustainability of the company operations. Internal control mechanisms are indispensable in betterment of the administration s public presentation and ease the quicker responses in clip of equal alteration when needed. We will write a custom essay on The Background Of Internal Control Systems Accounting specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Corporate concerns worldwide have witnessed multimillion dirts as a consequence of inefficiency in their several internal control systems. Many writers and governments have defined the construct of internal control in different ways. One of the widely recognized significances of internal control is harmonizing to COSO Committee of patronizing administrations of trade manner committee , they province that Internal control is one of the chief tools used to control the hazards associated with unwanted concern Acts of the Apostless. They further assert that, internal control is loosely defined as a procedure effected by an entity s board of managers, direction and forces designed to supply sensible confidence sing the accomplishment of the administration s aims in regardful classs viz. ; Operational effectivity and efficiency, Financial describing dependability and conformity with applicable Torahs and ordinances. ( WWW.coso.org ) From the above definition, it is apparent that internal control involves a figure of cheques and controls exercised in an administration to guarantee watchfulness and way over of import affairs like budget and finance, purchase and gross revenues and internal disposal. Internal control systems include all the steps adopted by an administration to carry through the undermentioned aims ; To avoid waste, inefficiency and fraud and to maintain integral the company resources. To achieve highest degree of truth and capacity in maintaining of the company accounts and operations informations. To promote and mensurate the execution of the administration s policy To measure public presentation efficiency in all facets of the company activities and assistance in organizational direction planning EWSA Rwanda As the proposed research instance survey, EWSA is a company that is entrusted with the distribution of power, H2O and sanitation installations in Rwanda. As a national public-service corporation, EWSA has been in being since 1976 as ELECTROGAZ. The company was founded as REGISDESO in 1939 by the colonial Masterss to provide H2O, electricity and gas to Rwanda Urundi of the so epoch with its central offices in Bujumbura. REGISDESO was subsequently in 1963 divided into Electrogaz for Rwanda and Regideso Burundi. Electrogaz was granted the monopoly for the production and distribution of H2O and electricity in the state. After 1994 race murder, the state s urban colony increased which led to an addition on the demand of H2O, electricity and sanitation severally. The installed H2O and electricity supply installations in topographic point by so could non prolong the demand and therefore a call for an hypertrophied investing in the substructures and other installations. The company since so has gone through a figure of restructurings. In 1999, a jurisprudence was passed seting an terminal to electrogazz monopoly on electricity and H2O supply therefore opening doors for independent power manufacturers and providers to prosecute in the market in twelvemonth 2003. Electrogaz was so put under a direction contact for 5 twelvemonth with Lahmayer international for restructuring and pull offing its systems but the contract lasted for merely two old ages and reverted to the authorities of Rwanda due to Lahmayer s failure to follow with the contract demands and outlooks. Subsequently the company s board was assigned to name a new direction and reconstitute the company systems to run into market demand. In 2010, electrogaz was sprit into RECO ( Rwanda Electricity Corporation ) and Rwasco ( Rwanda H2O and Sanitation Corporation ) , the sprit did non last for long every bit subsequently in the terminals of twelvemonth 2011 the company was once more merged and give the name EWSA ( Energy, H2O and sanitation authorization ) . EWASA Service Electricity: The Company provides electricity by agencies of thermic and hydroelectric power. Hydropower is fundamentally produced by agencies of H2O dikes turning turbines which in bend produce electricity and is the primary beginning for Rwanda electricity production. Thermal power is produced by the agencies of fuel, heavy fuel and methane gas. The thermic power workss were installed as an option to the hydroelectric workss that were non bring forthing plenty in respect to the market demand The state s electrification rate is estimated at 16 % with 350,000 connexions countrywide. Water EWSA provides H2O to Kigali metropolis and urban Centres of Rwanda. Natural springs and some other authorities undertakings supply the rural countries with the needed H2O. The H2O supplied by EWSA is treated harmonizing to the international criterions, in order to run into the criterions, specific H2O purification stairss are taken including ; physical and chemical interventions and laboratory analysis to guarantee quality. ( www.ewsa.rw ) STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Internal control systems are tools designed to convey about efficiency in an administration. These systems involve both the employers and employs of the administration. Harmonizing to EWSA history, in the last 17 old ages after the race murder of 1994 the company has changed direction several times due to inefficiency in operations and functionality of the assigned squads, the inefficiency being caused by failure to run into the demands of the company s turning market. The research therefore will be looking at look intoing what internal control systems are in EWSA and how effectual can they be operated to run into the company aim RESEARCH QUESTIONS A figure of inquiries will be asked during the survey, but most significantly the undermentioned inquiries will be more considered for effectual recommendations from the survey ; What are the internal control systems present in EWSA today? How effectual are these systems? What can be done to better on the effectivity of these systems? OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY General aim The general aim of the survey is to look into EWSA s internal control systems and their several effectivity on the public presentation of the company Specific aims To look into the company s internal control systems in usage To analyze the effectivity of each control system To look into the part of these internal control system to the effectivity of EWSA s operations To supply recommendations on what should be done to better on the efficiency of the company s internal control system and public presentation RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This will include methods, techniques and general attacks that will be used to obtain the necessary informations to accomplish the declared aim ; Research design This research will be both retrospective where literature reappraisal is concerned and redolent revision will be used to get cognition on the capable affair METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION Primary informations: This will affect the usage of good designed questionnaires which will be addressed to functionaries of EWSA and service utilizations to analyze how effectual is the company s service proviso. Secondary informations: This will affect the usage of information from EWSA web site ; diaries related to the topic, different studies from the authorities of Rwanda, universe bank and other international administrations that are someway related to the topic, books from different others on the topic and other cyberspace hunt engines. Significance OF THE STUDY The research will place EWSA s internal system, it will further supply a clear position of the administrations operations and its position at market topographic point for a relevant determination devising The research will analyze EWSA s strength and failings and asses their causes The research will so supply recommendation on how EWSA s internal systems can be improved in order to accomplish the company s aims and ends. Scope OF THE STUDY The survey will embrace all the thoughts refering internal control systems in relation to EWSA s public presentation, It will be carried out in Rwanda energy, H2O and sanitation authorization located in the state s capital Kigali for easy entree to information and likely effectual application of recommendations to control the jobs in the company s operations. The research will be farther be carried out on web sites, books, diaries and studies for truth of information, the research will nevertheless be conducted harmonizing to clip and resources restraints LITERATURE REVIEW This will be presented in sub subjects of ; definitions of cardinal footings, agencies of accomplishing internal control, characteristics of good internal control This chapter is presented in sub subjects of: Definition of cardinal footings, agencies of accomplishing internal control, Features of good internal control, Alternative methods of measuring internal control, the kernel of control and regulation, the kernel of doing things to go on in conformity with a peculiar program or nonsubjective. Examples range from a kid s control of a pull plaything to such comparatively complex affair as flying a jet airliner or commanding the operation of a atomic power bring forthing station. In commanding an organisation, directors strive for the most effectual and efficient techniques to command the assorted activities for which they are responsible, so as to achieve such aims as net income maximization, cost minimisation, quality care, and production quotas. Howard.F. Stettler ( 1982:134 ) He farther mentioned stairss in commanding organisational activities and these include: Forming, planning, and doing the determinations implicit in the development of a program. Authorizing action to implement programs that have been agreed upon. Keeping detention and control over use of resources acquired in conformity with the program. Planing and runing an information system to accurately enter, sum up, and study on all activities in order to supply necessary feedback on the consequences accomplished. Taking such a disciplinary action may be prompted by feedback on past action and consequences. Outline1 DEFINITIONS OF KEY CONCEPTS2 Control environment3 Hazard appraisal4 Control activities:5 Information and communicating:6 Monitoring:7 Competent forces8 Assignment of duty9 Division of work10 Adequate records and equipment11 Rotation of forces12 Internal Auditing13 Protection of acquiescences14 Separation of employee fonctions15 Rotation of employees occupation assignments16 OBJECTIVES OF INTERNAL CONTROL17 Judgment errors:18 Management override:19 Cost versus Benefits:20 THE NEED FOR INTERNAL CONTROL21 Means OF ACHIEVING INTERNAL CONTROL22 Beginnings of information for survey of internal control23 DEFINITIONS AND UNDERSTANDING OF PERFORMANCE24 BIBIOGRAPHY DEFINITIONS OF KEY CONCEPTS DEFINITIONS AND UNDERSTANDING OF INTERNAL CONTROL Howard F. Stettler ( 1977:54 ) stated that Internal control comprises of the organisation program and all of the co-ordinate methods and steps adopted within a concern to safeguard its assets, look into the truth and dependability of its accounting informations, promote operational efficiency, and promote attachment to order managerial policies . Harmonizing to this definition, internal control is the agencies by which direction obtains the information, protection, and control for successful operation of a concern endeavor. Harmonizing to Thompson, Strickland and Hermanson et Al. ( 1987:269 ) they define the internal control system as the: program of Organization and all the processs and actions taken by an entity to: Protect its assets against larceny and waste Ensure conformity with company policies and federal jurisprudence Measure the public presentation of all forces in the company so as to advance efficiency of operations. Ensure accurate and dependable operating informations and accounting studies . Therefore forestalling larceny and waste is merely a portion of internal control. In general footings, the intent of internal control is to guarantee efficient operations of a concern therefore doing it possible for the concern to efficaciously make its ends. Internal control is defined as a procedure, affected by an entity s board of directors/trustees, direction and other forces, designed to supply sensible confidence sing the accomplishment of organizational aims in the undermentioned classs: Effectiveness and efficiency of operations Dependability of fiscal coverage Conformity with Torahs and ordinances This definition reflects certain cardinal constructs: Internal control can be expected to supply merely sensible confidence, non absolute confidence, to an entity s direction and board. Internal control is geared to the accomplishment of aims in one or more separate but overlapping classs. .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b , .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b .postImageUrl , .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b , .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b:hover , .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b:visited , .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b:active { border:0!important; } .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b:active , .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua97de4896bb6020ff22c5ed500ddf93b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: To Clone Or Not To Clone (2041 words) EssayInternal control comprises five interconnected constituents viz. ; command environment, hazard appraisal, control activities, information and communicating and monitoring. These five constituents are explained below Control environment The nucleus of any concern is its people and their single properties, including unity, ethical, values and competency in which they operate. They are the engine that drives the entity and the foundation on which everything remainders. Hazard appraisal The entity must be cognizant of and cover with the hazards it faces. It must put aims, integrated with grosss, production, selling, fiscal and other activities so that the organisation is runing in concert. It besides must set up mechanism to place, analyze and pull off the related hazards. Control activities: Control policies and processs must be established and executed to assist guarantee that the actions identified by direction as necessary to turn to hazards to accomplishments of the entity s aims are efficaciously carried out. Policies and processs should be reviewed on a periodic footing. Information and communicating: Surrounding these activities are information and communicating systems. These enable the entity s people to capture and interchange the information needed to carry on, manage and command its operations. Monitoring: The full procedure must be monitored, and alterations made as necessary. In this manner, the system can respond dynamically, altering as conditions warrant ( www.tufts.edu accessed on 22/September 2010 ) . INTERNAL CONTROL STRUCTURE Harmonizing to Hanson, Hamre and Walgenbach ( 1993:254 ) , a house s internal control construction is defined as the policies and processs established to supply sensible confidence that the specific entity aims will be achieved. The control processs of peculiar concern to the comptroller are those that help to: Produce accurate and dependable fiscal informations about the house and Safeguard the house s assets. We use the term accounting controls to mention to the policies and processs designed to advance accomplishment of these two aims. FEATURES OF AN ACCOUNTING CONTROL SYSTEM Harmonizing to Hanson Hamre, and Walgenbach ( 1993:254 ) , good internal accounting control includes the undermentioned demands: Competent forces Assignment of duty Division of work Adequate records and equipment Notation of forces Internal auditing These demands are explained below ; Competent forces Accounting controls may interrelate with controls in other countries. For illustration, engaging processs used to place competent accounting forces may besides be used to engage capable employees for other countries in the house. Employees should be carefully selected and their endowments used intelligently in the operation of the accounting information system. Each individual should thoroughly understand his or her map and its relationship to other map in the system. Above all, an employee must recognize the importance of following the processs prescribed by direction and should be in support with the system. A well-formulated system of internal control can be destroyed by employees deficiency of assurance or cooperation. Assignment of duty The program of the organisation should repair duty for maps and confer the authorization necessary to execute them. Responsibility and authorization for a given map should non be shared, because this may ensue in duplicate of attempt and in occupations traveling undone if persons think that another is executing the assignment. When one individual is responsible for remaining within budgeting sums for labor costs, he or she should be given the authorization to delegate forces to occupations, control overtime, and so on Division of work Division of work is one of the most of import of the facts of a good system of controls. The responsibilities of persons should be defined so that no individual person has complete control over a sequence of related minutess. For illustration, the individual managing bank sedimentations and the individual maintaining the cashbooks should non have bank statements or do bank rapprochement. Improper division of work, or segregation of responsibilities, increases the possibility of fraud, sloppiness, and undependable record maintaining. With a proper division of responsibilities, the work of one individual or group can move as a cheque on work performed by another individual or group. For illustration, when different persons process purchase orders and receiving studies, a 3rd individual can compare the order, having study and seller s bill before O.K.ing payment. This pattern reduces the likeliness of mistakes from sloppiness every bit good as the possibility of fabricated purchases or deceitful transition of goods. Work division is valuable non merely in forestalling mistakes and expansive, but besides in supplying the advantages of specialization-better public presentation and easier employee preparation. Adequate records and equipment Harmonizing to Hanson Hamre and Walgenbach ( 1993:256 ) , equal records are of import non merely in accounting for a company s resources but besides in supplying direction with accurate and dependable information. One of the most of import characteristics in a satisfactory records-keeping system is a comprehensive chart of histories that classifies information in a mode best suited to direction s demands. Control histories and subordinate records should be used when appropriate, so that work can be subdivided, and cross-checks may be made when the two types of histories are reconciled. Control and subordinate histories can be used for such countries as histories and notes payables, works assets, and the major disbursal categorizations of selling disbursal and administrative disbursal. The signifiers used with the accounting records should advance truth and efficiency. If possible, single signifiers should be pre-numbered so that the sequence of signifiers used can be accounted for. Furthermore, pre-numbering helps a steadfast hint its minutess and cut down the possibility of neglecting to enter a dealing. For illustration, say a steadfast issue pre-numbered gross revenues faux pass for each sale. A cheque of the figure sequence would unwrap any recreation of gross revenues returns accomplished by devastation of the gross revenues faux pas. Similarly, accounting for the sequence of pre-numbered cheques can observe whether live cheques have been issued for unauthorised purchases. Rotation of forces Harmonizing to Hanson, Hamre and Walgenbach ( 1993:257 ) , some companies rotate the places of certain operating forces. For illustration, accounts a receivable clerk each responsible for a certain alphabetical sections. This process may unwrap mistakes and abnormalities caused by sloppiness and dishonesty on the portion of employees. Embezzlement of financess particularly in fiscal establishments such as Bankss has frequently been discovered during an employee s absence, when the culprit could no longer command or pull strings records. Internal Auditing Harmonizing to Hanson, Hamre and Walgenbach ( 1993:257 ) , an of import characteristic of the internal control construction of big companies is the internal audit map. The internal auditing section independently appraises the house s fiscal and operational activities. In add-on to reexamining activities for mistakes and abnormalities, the internal audit staffs determines whether prescribed policies and processs are being followed and efforts to bring out uneconomical and inefficient state of affairss. Internal auditing is a staff, or advisory, a map that consists of reexamining activities and doing written recommendations to direction. To be effectual, the internal audit staff must be independent of operating ( line ) maps and should describe to a high-level executive or to the house s board of managers. CHANGING CONCEPTS OF INTERNAL CONTROL Harmonizing to Walter B. Meigs ( 1969:95 ) , internal control is far more comprehensive in range than the internal cheque of a coevals ago. The most common use of the term internal cheque Was to depict the patterns followed within the accounting and finance divisions of a concern for the double intents of minimising clerical mistakes and protecting assets, peculiarly hard currency, from loss or larceny. Although the protection of hard currency is unimpeachably an of import map of the system of internal control, this is merely one of several of import aims. Internal control extends beyond accounting and fiscal maps, its range is companywide and embracings such as auditing, statistical analyses, quality control and production programming. We may state that internal control in present twenty-four hours usage embraces all sections and affects all activities of concern concern. It includes the methods by which top direction delegates authorization and assigns duty for such maps as merchandising, buying, accounting, and production. PURPOSE OF INTERNAL CONTROL Harmonizing to Thompson, Strickland and Hermanson ( 1987:269 ) , the basic intent of internal control is to advance the efficient operation of an organisation. The system of internal control consists of all steps employed by an organisation to ; Safeguard assets from wastes, fraud, and inefficient usage Promote truth and dependability in the accounting records Encourage and step conformity with company policies and Measure the efficiency of operations. Protection of acquiescences This can be done by ; Separation of employee map and Rotation of employee occupation assignments Separation of employee fonctions If a work is assigned to a specific individual, that individual is accountable for that undertaking, as such he/she can be rapidly identified. It is easy to follow lost paperss or find how a peculiar dealing is recorded when employees are given specific responsibilities. Division of duties gives sense of pride and importance hence the individual s responsible privation to execute to the best of their ability. Rotation of employees occupation assignments If occupations are being rotated among employees it discourages employees from long-run strategies to steal. Employees realize that if they steal from the company, the following employee assigned place may detect the larceny. If employees are given one-year holiday, many dishonest strategies prostration when the employee does non go to to the occupation on a day-to-day footing. Evaluation OF PERSONNEL PERFORMANCE To measure how good company employees are making their occupations, many companies use internal auditing. Internal Auditing consists of look intoing and measuring employee s conformity with the company s policies and processs. For this intent companies hire internal hearers who are trained in internal scrutinizing company policies and their responsibilities. Role of internal hearers: they should promote operating efficiency throughout the company and can be invariably watchful for dislocations in the company s system of internal control. They make recommendations for the betterment of company s internal control system whenever necessary. OBJECTIVES OF INTERNAL CONTROL The chief aims of internal control are: To guarantee all minutess are authorized such as aggregation and direction of hard currency is accomplished merely when decently authorized and controlled. For illustration all user fees in a golf nine should be tracked and accounted for on numbered grosss. To guarantee all certification and answerability for assets are in conformance with local and national Torahs ; and procedural demands. For illustration the usage of merely authorized signifiers and completed in conformity with known Torahs and ordinances. Ensure truth and efficiency of organisation s employees public presentation in its operations LIMITATION OF INTERNAL CONTROL A cardinal construct underlying the definition of internal control is that an internal control construction provides merely sensible confidence that bureau aims will be achieved. Restrictions are built-in in all internal control systems. These consequence from hapless judgement in decision-making, direction s ability to overrule controls and consideration of costs and benefits relative to internal control. No affair how good internal control operates, some events and conditions are beyond direction s control. The internal control restrictions above are explained as follows ; Judgment errors: Effective internal control may be limited by the worlds of human judgement. Decisions are frequently made within a limited clip frame, without the benefit of complete information, and under clip force per unit areas of carry oning bureau concern. These judgement determinations may impact accomplishment of aims, with or without good internal control. Internal control may go uneffective when direction fails to minimise the happening of mistakes ( e.g. , misconstruing instructions, sloppiness, distractions, sloppiness, distraction, weariness, or errors ) . Management override: Management may overrule or ignore prescribed policies, processs, and controls for improper ( e.g. , to heighten presentation of their bureau s fiscal or conformity position ) . Override patterns include deceits to province functionaries, staff from the cardinal bureaus, hearers, or others. Management override must non be confused with direction intercession ( i.e. , the going from prescribed policies and processs for legitimate intents ) . Intervention may be required in order to treat non-standard minutess that otherwise would be handled unsuitably by the internal control system. A proviso for intercession is needed in all internal control systems since no system anticipates every status. Cost versus Benefits: The cost of internal control must non transcend benefits to be derived. Potential loss, associated with exposure, should be weighed against the cost to command it. Although the cost-benefit relationship is a primary standard to be considered in planing internal control, the precise measuring of costs is by and large non possible. .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4 , .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4 .postImageUrl , .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4 , .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4:hover , .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4:visited , .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4:active { border:0!important; } .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4:active , .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4 .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7a14887e69c82f38abf6f5caae8400d4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sustainable Acoustic Absorption Panel Utilizing Local Natural Cellulose Fibers EssayThe challenge is to happen a balance between inordinate control ( Which is dearly-won and counterproductive ) and excessively small control. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.intosai.org September, 2010 ) THE NEED FOR INTERNAL CONTROL Harmonizing to Meigs Walter B.Larsen E. John ( 1985:174 ) , the long-term tendency for corporations to germinate into organisations of mammoth size and range, including a great assortment of specialised proficient operations and employees numbered in 10s of 1000s, has made it impossible for corporate executives to exert personal, firsthand supervising of operations. No longer able to trust upon personal, observation as a agency of measuring runing consequences and fiscal place, the corporate executive has, of necessity, come to depend upon a watercourse of accounting and statistical studies. These studies summarize current occurrences and conditions throughout the endeavor ; the units of measurings employed are non merely pecuniary units but besides labour hours, material weights, client calls, employee expirations, and a host of other denominators. The information carried by this watercourse of studies enables direction to command and direct the endeavor. It keeps direction informed as to whether company policy is being carried out, whether fiscal place is in sound and operations profitable and interdepartmental dealingss harmonious. Decisions made by direction become company policy. To be effectual, this policy must be communicated throughout the company and systematically followed. Internal control AIDSs in procuring conformity with company policy. Management besides has the direct duty of keeping accounting records and bring forthing fiscal statements that are equal and dependable. Internal control provides confidence that this duty is being met. Means OF ACHIEVING INTERNAL CONTROL Harmonizing to Meigs Walter B.Larsen E. John ( 1985:176 ) , Systems of internal control vary significantly from one organisation to the following. The specific control characteristics in any system depend upon such factors as the size, organisational construction, nature of operations, and aims of the organisation for which the system was designed. Yet certain factors are indispensable to satisfactory internal control in about any large-scale organisation, well-trained forces. Plan of administration An organisation program refers to the division of authorization, duties, and responsibilities among members of an organisation. A well-designed organisation program is a first measure to guarantee that minutess are executed in conformance with a company policy to heighten the efficiency of operation, to safeguard assets, and to advance the dependability of accounting informations. These aims may accomplish in big portion through equal separation of duties for Initiation or blessing of minutess, Custody plus and Record maintaining Internal control over minutess Harmonizing to Meigs Walter B. Larsen E. John ( 1985:176 ) , a cardinal construct of accounting control is that no one Person or section should manage all facets of a dealing from get downing to stop. If the direction is to direct the activities of a concern harmonizing to program, every dealing should affect five stairss ; It should be authorized, initiated, approved, executed, and recorded. Accounting control will be enhanced if each of these stairss is performed by comparatively independent employees or sections. No simple employee will so hold incompatible responsibilities that allow the employee to both perpetrate and conceal mistakes or abnormalities in the normal class of a twenty-four hours s work. Efficience of Operationss Harmonizing to V.K Batra, KC Bagardia and Whittington ( 1985:178 ) , a well-designed organisation program should heighten the efficiency of operations every bit good as contribute to internal accounting control. When two or more sections take part in every dealing, the work of one section is reviewed by another. Besides, each section has an inducement to demand efficient public presentation from the others. Mistakes made by the receiving section in numbering goods received will usually be brought to visible radiation by the accounting section when it compares the having study with the seller s bill and the purchase order. If faulty stuffs are accepted by the receiving section, duty will be placed on the negligent section by forces of the shops maintaining or production sections, which must use the stuff in inquiry. Duties of finance and accounting sections Harmonizing to Meigs Walter B. Larsen E. John ( 1985:180 ) , finance and accounting are the two sections most straight involved in the fiscal personal businesss of a concern endeavor. The division of duties between these sections illustrates the separation of the accounting map from operations and besides from the detention of assets. Under the way of the financial officer, the finance section is responsible for fiscal operations and detention of liquid Assets. Activities of this section include be aftering future hard currency demands, set uping client recognition policies, and set uping to run into the short and long-run funding demands of the concern. Beginnings of information for survey of internal control Harmonizing to Meigs Walter B. Larsen E. John ( 1964:114 ) , the appropriate beginnings of information in analyzing the system of internal control include the followers: Methods end processs manuals depicting the sanctioned patterns to be followed in all stages of operations. Job descriptions, detailing the range of activities and duties for specific occupational categorizations, such as charge clerk, teller and so on. Discussions with operating forces. The hearer must, of class, maintain an attitude of professional self-respect and unity. He should non promote employees to knock supervisors, but may decently obtain valuable factual information refering work being performed runing forces of all categorizations. Reports, working documents, and scrutinizing plans of the internal auditing staff. A critical reappraisal of the work done by built-in hearers is a major measure in the survey of internal control by the independent hearer. Personnel scrutiny of accounting records, signifiers, paperss, mechanical equipment, and all other media for entering minutess and treating operating and fiscal informations. Works documents, recommendation letters, and audits studies from scrutiny to that of completion. When the hearer is engaged, he of class utilizes all information refering internal control contained in the emphasis the countries shown as holding questionable controls in anterior old ages. It is imperative, nevertheless, that the hearer recognizes that the form of operations is an ever-changing one, that internal controls which were equal last twelvemonth may now be disused, and that the established usage of a given control process is no confidence that it is presently being applied in an effectual and intelligent mode. DEFINITIONS AND UNDERSTANDING OF PERFORMANCE Tips M.F ( 1991:1640 ) defines public presentation as the extent to which an person can successfully carry through a undertaking or accomplish a end. Performance as a construct includes non merely the production of certain touchable units of end product, but besides of less touchable end products, such as efficaciously oversing others, believing in a originative manner, contriving a new merchandise, deciding a struggle between others or selling a good or a service. This definition provides a clear apprehension of what public presentation is, however, the thought of ability is non considered mentioned and yet, it should be good emphasized. Therefore, a comprehensive definition of public presentation should see public presentation as the extent to which an person in his/her ability and within or outside the bounds of a place can successfully carry through a undertaking or accomplish a end . Tosi L.H. Rizzo, R.J and Carrol ( 1993:305 ) , State that the public presentation is the consequence of the application of mental or physical attempt. Performance degrees can be stated in different ways in footings of measure or quality and may reflect some subjective judgement by a director ; a peculiar degree of public presentation may be judged as high for one individual, but the same degree may merely satisfactory or possibly unsatisfactory for another. To Benton and Halloran ( 1991:68 ) , public presentation is the terminal consequence of motive, that public presentation is a map of ability and motive. It is necessary to hold both the ability and motive to execute. If either ability or motive is low, public presentation will besides be low and the modesty is true. Establishing public presentation criterions Harmonizing to Mosley, Pietrin and Meiggison ( 1996:497 ) , a criterion is a unit of measuring that can function as a mention point for measuring consequences. Standards are of import for directors demands to put clear aims that channel their full organisation s attempts. Consequently, ends, aims, quotas, and public presentation criterions can be expressed in physical, pecuniary or clip dimensions. Quantifiable criterions Quantifiable criterions are criterions that can be expressed in footings of Numberss ( units, dollars, and hours ) . These quantifiable criterions include: Physical criterions. These include ; measures of merchandises, figure of clients or clients, or measure up of merchandises or services. Monetary criterions. These are expressed in dollars and include ; labour costs, selling costs, materials-costs, gross revenues grosss, gross net incomes. Time criterions. These include the velocity with which occupations should be done or the deadlines by which they are to be completed. Non quantifiable or qualitative criterions These, like quantitative criterions play an of import function. Some times subsidiaries and directors are non every bit much aware of the non-quantifiable criterions, but these are still really of import. Such criterions include ; populating qualified forces, advancing the most proficient individual, holding a concerted attitude, and have oning appropriate frock on occupation, can be Measuring public presentation Harmonizing to Mosley, Pietri, and Megginson ( 1996:488-499 ) , puting criterions is ineffectual unless there is some manner to mensurate existent public presentation while criterions set up what will be measured and what degree of public presentation is satisfactory, other of import inquiries must besides be answered. For illustration, how frequently is public presentation is measured, hourly, daily, hebdomadally, yearly? What signifier will the measurement take a phone call, a ocular review, a written study? Who will be involved in, an operating employee, a supervisor, a middle-level director, or the company? Other considerations in mensurating public presentation are guaranting that the measuring is easy to make, comparatively expensive, an easy to employees and others. Among the many ways of mensurating public presentation are ; Observation ; Reports both unwritten and written ; The usage of automatic devices, and Inspections, trials or samples. BIBIOGRAPHY BAILEY Kenneth D. ( 1982 ) , methods of societal research, 2nd Ed. , New York coal miner Macmillan publishing houses: London. BATEMAN, S.T and ZEITHANI, P.C ( 1990 ) , Management: Function and scheme, Richard D.Irwin Inc. , New York. CHURCHILL Gilbert A. Jr ( 1992 ) , Basic selling Research, 2nd Ed. , the Dryden imperativeness. HOWARD F. Settler ( 1982 ) , Auditing rules: A system based Approach, 5th Ed. , prentice- Hall, Inc. , Englewood drops, New York. HONSON, HAMRE, WALGENBACH ( 1993 ) , Fiscal accounting: An debut, 7th Ed. , The Dryden imperativeness Harcourt Brace and company. GRINNELL Richard M.Jr and Williams Margaret ( 1990 ) , Research in societal work, F.E. Peacork Publishers incaˆÂ ¦ , USA. MEIGS Walter B, LARSEN E. John ( 1969 ) , rules of Auditing: 4th Ed. , Richard D. Irwin Inc. , Homewood, Illinois. MOSER C.A. and KARTON G. ( 1971 ) , Survey methods in societal probe, Heineman instruction books, London MOSLEY, PIETRIN and MEIGGISON ( 1996 ) , Management, Leadership in action 5th Ed, Harper Collins Colledge Publisher STONER F. A. J.and FREEMAN E.R ( 1992 ) , Management, 5th Ed.. , prentice-Hall, Inc. , New Jersey TAYLOR Donald H.. , GLEZEN G. William ( 1991 ) , Auditing: Integrated constructs and processs, 5th Ed.. , John wiley and boies, Inc. , New York. TAYLOR Donald H.. , GLEZEN G. William ( 1991 ) , Auditing: Integrated constructs and processs, 5th Ed.. , John wiley and boies, Inc. , New York. TOSI, L.H.. , RIZZO, R.J and CARROL, J.S ( 1993 ) , pull offing organisational behaviour. 2nd Ed. Harper and Row publishing houses, New York THOMPSON, STRICKLAND and HERMANSON ( 1987 ) , Strategic direction constructs and instances 4th Ed. Business publication, inc.. , Plano. Texas VIVIAN R.V.Cooper ( 1975 ) , Student s manual of Auditing, 4th Ed.. , Gee and company publishing houses limited, London and st Albans. V.K BATRA, WHITTINGTON, KC BAGARDIA ( 1996 ) , Auditing, 2nd Ed.. , Tata mc Graw Hill WAGNER 111 John A and HOLLENBECK John R. ( 1992 ) , Management of organisational behaviour, learner Hallway, Inc.. , New York. Waterss Donald ( 1998 ) , Essential Qualitative methods: A Guide for concern, Addison Wesley Longman Inc.. , New York. WOOLF Emile ( 1979 ) , Auditing today, 6th Ed.. , learner -Hall international, inc. , London.

Free Essays on Pre Civil War

Pre Civil War Prompt: â€Å"Slavery was the dominating reality of all Southern life.† Assess the validity of this generalization for TWO of the following aspects of Southern life from about 1840 to 1860: political, social, economic, and intellectual life. Slavery was the dominating reality of all Southern life. The effects of Slavery in the south can be seen both socially and economically. Cotton was king and the white government of the South meant that slavery wouldn’t go away unless something of great magnitude happens to change everything. In America at the time, a slave was a piece of property that could be bought, sold, loaned, used as collateral, or willed to another if the owner wanted it. The economy at the time in the south was dying because not enough cotton could be picked up fast enough to profit. This would make slavery useless as it took a slave a whole day to pick out all the seeds from one piece of cotton. As this would happen, slavery would no longer be useful and they would all become free. It happened so that a Negro man by the name of Eli Whitney invented a machine called the Cotton Gin. This allowed the seeds of a piece of cotton to be removed from faster and safer. You would think that this would decrease the number of slaves a slave owner had but it worked the other way. Slave owners wanted more slaves to make more profit, thus cotton became the South’s leading export over tobacco and sugar. To a slave owner â€Å"Cotton was King†, the gin was his throne, and the black bondsme n were his henchmen.† (Bailey, 361) The Southern families finally had their taste of wealth just as the North has with their factories but the South wanted more. The farmers were greedy, money hungry people and as long as there was rich, fertile, soil for cotton, there were slaves working for the benefit of their owners. The invention of the cotton gin made farmers buy more land and this meant that they needed to get ... Free Essays on Pre Civil War Free Essays on Pre Civil War Pre Civil War Prompt: â€Å"Slavery was the dominating reality of all Southern life.† Assess the validity of this generalization for TWO of the following aspects of Southern life from about 1840 to 1860: political, social, economic, and intellectual life. Slavery was the dominating reality of all Southern life. The effects of Slavery in the south can be seen both socially and economically. Cotton was king and the white government of the South meant that slavery wouldn’t go away unless something of great magnitude happens to change everything. In America at the time, a slave was a piece of property that could be bought, sold, loaned, used as collateral, or willed to another if the owner wanted it. The economy at the time in the south was dying because not enough cotton could be picked up fast enough to profit. This would make slavery useless as it took a slave a whole day to pick out all the seeds from one piece of cotton. As this would happen, slavery would no longer be useful and they would all become free. It happened so that a Negro man by the name of Eli Whitney invented a machine called the Cotton Gin. This allowed the seeds of a piece of cotton to be removed from faster and safer. You would think that this would decrease the number of slaves a slave owner had but it worked the other way. Slave owners wanted more slaves to make more profit, thus cotton became the South’s leading export over tobacco and sugar. To a slave owner â€Å"Cotton was King†, the gin was his throne, and the black bondsme n were his henchmen.† (Bailey, 361) The Southern families finally had their taste of wealth just as the North has with their factories but the South wanted more. The farmers were greedy, money hungry people and as long as there was rich, fertile, soil for cotton, there were slaves working for the benefit of their owners. The invention of the cotton gin made farmers buy more land and this meant that they needed to get ...

How to Earn a Six Figure Salary in Your Lifetime

How to Earn a Six Figure Salary in Your Lifetime If you want to earn a six figure salary, you have two main options: A) play the lottery and hope for five numbers out of six on your ticket to hit, or B) start building your career toward that goal. The odds are millions-to-one against option A, so really your best bet is option B. Now that leaves just one question: how? A high-paying career that you enjoy is, when you get right down to it, just about everyone’s goal. And making a six figure salary  or $100,000+, seems like an attainable goal. It’s not a million dollars, so it seems like a modest ask from the universe. Yet it also offers a kind of financial stability that is appealing. So it’s the ideal for many of us who aren’t creating the next hot startup or able to hit 35 home runs per year.Your first step in reaching that goal is doing a self-survey of yourself and your career so far.How close am I to that goal right now? This can affect the timeline and scope of your goal. If you want to make $200K but are currently only making $40K, that’s a huge jump. Depending on your field, it might be possible, but you might have to adjust how long it will take you to get there.Is it even attainable in my field? For example, if you’re a lawyer, then sure, this is attainable. If you are a mid-level manager at a nonprofit, it might not be. It’s important to make your goals reachable, and if you’re working happily in a field that tends to top out at $80K, you’re not doing yourself any favors by working toward a financial goal that may not be likely or even possible.What career level do I need to achieve to make that paycheck? Is it only executives that make that kind of money in my field, or are there other jobs/roles that can do it? What does the promotion path look like in order to reach that goal?What do I need to do next? Are there specific skills, or a certain education or experience I would need to move me closer to that goal? Am I in a position to g et another degree, complete a training program, or learn the next-level skills that would be required?Do I need to go elsewhere, or does my current job offer that kind of path? If you see this salary as a possibility at your current company, ask yourself if you’re willing to commit to that. If that kind of growth just doesn’t seem possible where you are, or you’re not happy or content there, start scouting for other opportunities.Path One: The Steady BuilderLet’s call this the old-fashioned example of the kid who starts in the mailroom, and ends up as the CEO. It’s a model that, quite frankly, is much more challenging these days- the average person switches jobs at least 10 times throughout their career, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, so the idea of putting down roots and growing from professional youngling to high-earning executive in one place is rather quaint.But it’s not impossible. If you’ve been accumulating e xperience at one company or in a particular field, it’s not unreasonable to expect to make a six figure salary at some point in your career, assuming you have a good amount of forward motion. However, unless you are constantly promoted with a significant salary jump at each point, this is a process that can take a long time.Path Two: The JumperLet’s call this one surfing for opportunities. In this scenario, you create that forward momentum by actively seeking out new jobs, ideally raising your salary each time. Some studies have suggested that employees that stay at a company for more than two years have relatively stagnant salaries, potentially earning about 50% less than people who switch companies more often.If you move to a new position at a new company, experts suggest that you look for a salary bump of up to 25%, particularly if the new position is a step up for you. This is a path that is more in line with today’s job-hopping trend, but it means you have to be savvy about what your next steps are, and how they fit into your long-term plan and goals.What is a Realistic Timeline?Your timetable for making a six figure salary is going to vary according to your industry, your skills and experience, and what your goals are.Entrepreneur Peter Voogd suggests that this financial goal is achievable on a short-term schedule, discussing his philosophy of getting clear on your goals, connecting to influencers, and going after that aggressive salary goal with confidence.This method is heavy on entrepreneurship-style philosophies (more on that in a bit), but doesn’t account for the fact that everyone’s career is different. Again, factors like your industry and your resume can make a significant difference. If your field is one where middle and upper management can approach that six-figure salary, then you might just need a few more years (or a couple of steps up in the org chart) to get there. If you work in a field where only execut ives are making six figures, then it can take significantly more time and positioning to get to that point.This is where you should be doing comprehensive salary and trajectory research on your field. What are others at your level making? What salary are people two levels ahead of you making? Sites like Payscale and Salary.com can really help you get an accurate picture of what you can expect in your industry, at your education level, etc. Knowing who makes what can help you figure out how long it might take you to hit your goal.Are There Any Shortcuts?Short answer on shortcuts: nope. Whether it takes you one year or ten, you’ve got to put in the work necessary to build your career to the point where you’re earning those six figures. If you’re at the beginning of your career, you have the advantage of starting early. It’s like saving for retirement- the earlier you start, the better off you’ll be. If you’re mid-career and are looking to jump start your path to six figures, there’s more pressure to get there fast, but you’ll still need to go through the tasks of positioning yourself for advancement, and seeking out the opportunities that can move you forward.What Can I Do?While we know there’s no magic solution that will pump up your salary exactly where you want it, this means it’s on you to start working diligently toward that goal. There are a number of ways you can attack this, all of which work together in moving you forward.Increase Your NetworkYour network is an invaluable resource for any career advancement. You never know when someone in your professional network will have an opportunity for you. They can also offer valuable expertise in your field, help you build necessary skills, and act as a sounding board as you set your goals. Listen to experts, and avoid mistakes that could slow you down and impede your goals.Also, part of it is a mental game: if you believe that you are who you associate with, adding successful and insightful people to your network can help you cement that image of yourself as a successful professional in turn.Become a Master NegotiatorIf you can advocate confidently for yourself , you stand a much better chance of increasing your salary with every promotion or job change.Seek and Build the Most Valuable SkillsHere’s where you need to be a bit daring, because this could involve a significant commitment on your part. Right now, some of the most valuable skills are technical ones, like coding. If you’re unfamiliar, try taking a course. If you have very basic skills, take them to the next level.There are also more universal skills that can really help you move up in your field. For example, project management is a well-compensated skill that is invaluable across most industries, because it means you can manage tasks and people to achieve concrete goals.Think Like an EntrepreneurThis doesn’t necessarily mean starting your own business from scratch, but rather taking control of your career path. You may not be your own boss at every step, but you can still move through with confidence and assertive decision making when it comes to your job.In this vein, Peter Voogd recommends building your internal â€Å"confidence account,† which gives you the self-drive to navigate around obstacles in your career without letting them stop your progress toward your goals- in this case, your salary goal.Whether you’re close to making a six figure salary already and just need a final lift, or aren’t quite as far along, and are looking for ways to boost your career significantly to meet that goal, the most important element is coming up with a realistic plan and sticking to it. Good luck!

International Financial management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

International Financial management - Essay Example The report is divided into four broad sections, which include a brief overview of Leighton Holdings and its comparison with global competitors, commentary on the operating and financial issues of the company in light of selected ratios, an evaluation of currency management and overall performance of the company and recommendations for potential investors on the basis of analysis and evaluations carried out in this report. Leighton Holdings Limited, being amongst the largest international contractors around the world, was established in the year 1949 and is headquartered in Sydney. The company was listed on Australian Stock Exchange (ASE) in 1962 (Leighton Holdings, 2013; Yahoo Finance, 2013). The current business profile of Leighton Holdings Limited shows numerous operations, which include construction, development and maintenance of infrastructural facilities, mining, resource provision and real estate services (Leighton Holdings, 2013). In addition, the company also undertakes projects related to construction of road, railway networks, cleaning up of contaminated areas, disposal of waste, and other related services. Apart from the domestic Australian market, the operations of the company are also spread internationally, which include regions 20 countries in the Asian region, Middle Eastern region, southern parts of Africa and the neighbouring country New Zealand. In this table, it can be seen that Leighton Holdings Limited can be regarded as amongst leading international contractors. The ranking of Leighton Holdings Limited in relation to earnings per share ratio and long term growth rate of the company, is the best amongst the ratios listed in the table. However, the gap between performance indicators of Leighton Holdings Limited and industry leader is considerable in almost all of the indicators shown above. For the

Public Perception of Race and Crime Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Public Perception of Race and Crime - Assignment Example Furthermore, the research design incorporated the use of Computer Assisted Telephone Interviews (CATI). This method was effective in the random assignment of questions to the respondent. Consequently, it eliminated potential response biased information. The authors further employed a regression analysis of the responses. This was essential in determining the degree of stereotypes in relation perception on crime and policy formulation. Other research designs that could have been incorporated would have been facing to face interviews with the white and black respondents. This would have helped to clearly capture their personal attitudes on racial decisions pertaining to crime and policy formulation. Â  The research had sought to prove that the racial stereotypes applied to African-Americans influenced public opinion, especially of the majority whites’, on issues of crime policy formulation. To this end, the research employed the use of Computer Assisted Telephone Interviews to collect data. Consequently, the research findings clearly revealed that the racial stereotyping of the African Americans by whites’ played a strong role in influencing public perception of crime and punishment. In particular, whenever the crimes were violent and committed by African American. Moreover, when punitive policies are being formulated, the racial stereotypes attached to the blacks played a major in determining the severity of the punishment. Moreover, the racial stereotypes in formulating criminal policy are also fuelled by the political sentiments pertaining to the crime. Â  To this end, several implications can be drawn from these results. Foremost, the political and social environment is still pervaded by racism towards the African American population. This is evident in the formulation of criminal policies that are more punitive to the blacks in comparison to the white population.

Characters in Animal Farm Essay Example for Free

Characters in Animal Farm Essay The over worked and malnourished animals over throw the humans in charge and took power; only to find that the obligation of freedom maybe more dangerous. Out of all the animals, however, one is sure to stand out. That animal is Boxer, the farm’s hardest and strongest worker. George Orwell’s novel, Animal Farm, is an allegory that reflects events leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917, and then on into the Stalinist Era in the Soviet Union. Through a depiction of Boxer, George Orwell allows the reader to make a discernment of the Russian proletariat’s loyalty and hardworking skills, by presenting him as an allegiant, reputable, diligent worker. From the beginning to the end, Boxer remains a diligent worker despite the abundance of toil. After the Rebellion, â€Å"Boxer [seems] more like three horses than one; [and] there [are] days when the entire work of the farm seems to rest on his mighty shoulders.† (46) Therefore, Boxer is precisely the hardest worker on the farm for the reason that he agrees to do the majority of the labor on the farm. In comparison to Mollie and Moses, who depart from the farm without doing any work, Boxer agrees to do additional tasks. Furthermore, after Boxer’s severe depravity, â€Å"Boxer [refuses] to take even a day off work, and [makes] it a point of honor not to let it be seen that he [is] in pain.† (114) Thus, Boxer is an eager worker for the reason that he never renounces his job. On the contrary, Mollie â€Å"[is] late for work every morning and [excuses] herself by saying that she [has] overslept.† This proves that Boxer loves to work. When the going gets bad he sees working as the solution. Boxer is truly the farm’s hero because of his hard work. In addition to his resolution to work harder, Boxer demonstrates fidelity. After Snowball’s expulsion, Boxer is worried about the farm, but he is not smart enough to figure things out on his own. Rather than thinking for himself, Boxer forces himself to believe others. Boxer tries to think things  over for himself, but all he can come up with is, â€Å"If Comrade Napoleon says it, it must be right,† and he takes up a new personal motto: â€Å"I will work harder.† (70) For this reason, Boxer illustrates allegiance for coinciding with authority. Furthermore, when Napoleon begins executing other animals, Boxer can only say, â€Å"I would not have believed that such things could happen on our farm. It must be due to some fault in ourselves. The solution, as I see it, is to work harder.† (94) Therefore, Boxer is devoted considering that he always falls back on his personal motto: Napoleon is always right. Boxer is loyal to the farm animals and allegiance is w hat makes a worker a good worker. Throughout the most troublesome times on Animal Farm, Boxer is praised by the animals. As time goes on, the animals are much inspired by Boxer’s work ethic than by Squealer’s clever speeches. â€Å"With his tremendous muscles [Boxer] always [pulls] them through. Boxer [is] the admiration of everybody.† (46) Hence, Boxer is admired by the other animals for the reason that he is an inspiration for them. Unlike the pigs who are considered the most intelligent, it is Boxer, who commands the animals simply because of his work ethic. Moreover, during the winter, little progress is made; the animals can not feel so impelled about it as they felt before. However Boxer never loses heart, â€Å"the other animals [find] more inspiration in Boxer’s strength and his never-failing cry of ‘I will work harder!’† (85) Ultimately, Boxer is honored by the other animals as a result of the animals being propelled by Boxer. In comparison to Squealer’s adroit speeches, the other animals find more inspiration in Boxer. This clearly identifies that Boxer’s role and personality is highly respected by the animals. These are just some of the examples that prove why Boxer is am allegiant, reputable, diligent worker. These three traits are what make Boxer unique. Unfortunately, his loyalty makes him easy to manipulate. Boxer is a very important character and without him Animal Farm would not exist. Boxer is the one who gives everyone hope and a reason to work harder. For these reasons Boxer is the farm’s hero and is one of the most beloved characters in Animal Farm.

The Teaching Styles of the Apology of Plato an the Gospel of Luke Essay

Socrates and Luke are both considered to be great educators. They have both influenced countless people with their teachings. However, comparing the two is slightly strange since Socrates is the subject of the story, which is told by Plato, and Luke is the teller of the story of Jesus. A comparison can be made between the two as Socrates is a great teacher while Plato is mostly silent and Luke, while not overly prevalent in the his story can be compared to other accounts of the story of Jesus among which his by far the most didactic. But when you are comparing the two you must keep in mind that you are in actuality comparing four and also that while the story teller is supposed to only be telling you what he saw, he is also telling his personal vision of what he saw. Therefore he has a personal bias, which affects the purpose behind his style.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A strong parallel exists between the two storytellers Plato and Luke in that they are both biased to a great degree. While they both teach a wonderful perspective they teach solely their perspective with no room for any other. Luke asserts that when Jesus died â€Å"the sun’s light failed; and the curtain of the temple was torn in two,† (Luke 23:44) thus giving divine testimony that Jesus is indeed the son of the Almighty. Whenever Jesus is questioned the people who do so are inevitably wrong, there points being made to look stupid as Jesus transcends the question with a new concept. For example, in Luke 20:34-40 Jesus is asked about a wife who has been widowed and remarried several times and to who she should be married in heaven. This is a difficult question in Jewish tradition where the concept of the resurrection is that of a physical rebirth and the continuation of life on earth. However, Jesus comes up with an new and controversial idea of an i mmortal soul. He uses the rational that since God only spoke to the living in the Torah, he only deals with the living; so since God still represents you after death, you must still be alive after you die. This is a questionable argument at best however the obvious leaps of logic here are never examined because the questioning scribes â€Å"no longer dared to ask him another question.† (Luke 20:40) This obviously must be because Jesus is the Son of God who speaks with divine and unquestionable authority, or so Luke seems to imply. In much the same way,... ...awesome strength and believability. So while martyrdom may not actually say anything about the truth of what they say, it is very still very convincing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Overall, it is probably better to look at the teaching styles of Socrates/Plato and Jesus/Luke as being less instructional and more as a form of propaganda. The ways ideas are presented in both the accounts seem to be meant to convince the reader of a particular viewpoint rather than enlighten him. Biased accounts in both cases use manipulative and emotional methods such as leading and fantastic situations to influence the reader. This is not surprising since both accounts are apologies or defenses of a particular view. The goal is therefore not to educate but to persuade the reader to agree with the beliefs of the author. This is of course not to say that there is nothing of educational value in either of these accounts. Both contain monumentally important ethical principals such as wisdom comes from realizing that you are not wise, and love your neighbor as yourself. However, the actual teaching style that is used by both Plato and Luke is one that has a purpos e beyond the reader’s own education.

Pros and Cons On School Uniform

A crucial form of self expressions would be t o abolish school uniform. Ralph Wald Emerson stated the quote â€Å"None of us will ever accomplish anything excellent or commanding except when he listens to this whisper which is heard by him alone. † Selfishness is crucial because each student has their own clothing identification. It is to be announced that school uniform may del ay the transition into adulthood. â€Å"Life is full of transactions, and one of the more re marketable one occurs when we get ready to leave high school and go out in the world as young adults,† was spoken by the U. S.Department of Education. Adults should have their own choice of clothing. Wearing the school attire may have a detrimental effect on students Selfridges. There is a saying by Any Miracle which indicates â€Å"the only one can make Gonzalez 2 yourself happy. † When students wear the same gear, instead of having the pop opportunity to select clothes that suit the body type, c an suffer embarrassment at school. Having the freedom of expression helps not only in the age growth but also while in s school. Focusing so much on uniform takes away the attention from finding genuine lotions to problems in education.The push of uniform is driven by comer Call interest rather than educational ones. â€Å"Education must enable one to sift and weigh, t o discern the true from the false, the real from the unreal, and the facts from the fiction . The function of education, therefore is to teach on to think intensively and to thin k critically and essentially,† declared Martin Luther King Jar. In America we spend an aver GE of about one billion dollars on school uniform in just one year. It is proven that s dents that wear uniform tend to oppose of uniform.A 201 2 previewed study by researchers at the university of Nevada at Reno found that ninety percent of seventh and eighth grade public school students did not like wearing uniform. The MO re people that oppos e have less education because they focus more on taking uniform away than widening their education. On the website proton. Org expresses that â€Å"most PU bill schools with uniform policies are in poor neighborhoods, emphasizes the class deductions that uniforms were supposed eliminate. The use of school attire e emphasizes the socio economic divisions they are supposed to eliminate.Not all schools are the same but the ones that have uniform tend to lack focus on education. There's many reasons why uniforms should be eliminated but little have they truly put full s peculation the recognition their value. Gonzalez 3 Aside from convenience, there are other reasons to favor school uniform. Am Eng all those reasons one would be reducing peer pressure and bullying. On the website Stealth. Org says, â€Å"some kids give into peer pressure because they want to be liked, to fit in, or because they worry that other kids might make fun of them if they don't go long with the group. When all students are dressed similarly, the competition amongst students over the choice of clothes and the teasing of those who are dressed in less fashionable or less expensive outfits can be eliminated. An argument f or having school uniform is that they will bring conformity among students. In a person al Interview with Israel Pinion he revealed, â€Å"a school uniform is only comfortable during GA mess period. † Having student comfort themselves may result in increasing their owe n safety, comfort should be important in order to maximize learning outcomes.Although ugh many loud be against uniform not all have looked to see that it improves attendant CE and discipline. A 2010 study by researchers at the University of Houston found that t the average absence rate for girls in middle and high school decreased by seven percent. For most middle and high school is hard to get discipline and attendance info arced but uniform mightiest be the solution. School uniform may be a probable source o uneasiness for students considering that they need to make maximum use of their time in school.Just like there are cons on school uniform there are pros and one would be the at uniform may withdraw crime and boost student safety. Knowing uniform elm innate crimes, make students feel more confident. Eric Reverberant mentioned iconic dance and implied, â€Å"having confidence is on the most essential pieces of advice you'll race vive in life Gonzalez 4 that makes no sense if you've never done it. † When students feel confident, it helps them show up to school, it also helps their education performance exceed. Ha Vying uniforms, in school, may prevent the display of ongoing colors.According to a Center For Parent Information and Resources report in 201 3, almost 50% of students n high school say there are gang members at their schools. The elimination of gang c lord keep students focused on education and not as much on their clothes. Wear Eng uniform can enhance school pride, unity, and community spirit. In 2007 a study was m dad a University in the United Kingdom found that uniforms â€Å"often directly contribute et to a feeling of school pride. † (School Uniform) Being involved with school and the c immunity helps build networks and just might help later on in life.

A Comparison of Two Types of Display Advertisements Essay

Advertising is all around us, we cannot avoid it, in the car on the street the train and the Internet, even in aeroplanes. Advertisements are around us in every type of media: television, radio and the written word, it is everywhere. It is one of the most influential factors in our lives and effects the way we think about companies and their products. For example the new Jaguar X-Type television adverts are aimed at the younger ‘X Generation’ so to interest high earning young men and women. Display advertising comprises of images and text and would be found on billboards, magazines and in shop windows among other places. The images and text are purposefully arranged to persuade us to associate the product with a certain lifestyle. Obviously not all types of advertising appeal to everyone, so target audience is essential in portraying the image of the product and quality. I will be comparing two display advertisements, both of which are from the January 2002 issue of the new technologies magazine T3. Both advertisements are for new electronic devices, a flat screen television from Samsung and the digital camcorder made by Sony. In the following comparison, you will be able to see the way these advertisements effect our lives and the products we buy. In the Samsung advertisement, there is a blurred image of a businessman standing alone on a tropical beach. His trousers are rolled up and he has a jacket slung casually over his shoulder. This man is obviously an executive businessman with a high paying job, the reason for this, I believe, is that you would have to earn a lot of money to have enough disposable income to afford the product. The man is relaxing on the beach looking out towards the sea to give an impression of freedom. He is standing casually portraying an image of complete relaxation, carelessness and mellowness. There are no props in the image to add to the felling of simplicity. All this is very much in contrast with the Sony camcorder advertisement. The Sony advertisement there is an image of a man skydiving with another person filming him with the product, the digital camcorder. The man skydiving has a look of exhilaration and elation upon his face, all of this adds to the image of the product giving you a fast paced and exciting lifestyle. This advertisement is a bit of a lie though; it would be practically impossible to shoot the man skydiving and would cost far too much. So Sony have employed another company that sell images and bought an image of a man skydiving and then the graphic designers would have superimposed the image of a hand holding the product. This gives the image of the man actually being recorded while skydiving. In the Sony advertisement the image on the LCD screen of the product is a big close up of the skydiver. This type of camera angle was used to create an intimate relationship with the target audience, also it creates an image of an ‘in your face’ and raw, ‘full on’ lifestyle. Outside of the image of the man’s face it is a long shot because you can see the skydiver’s whole body, however apart from the skydiver and the other person’s hand, which is a close up, there is a lot of ‘white space’, in this example the sky. The person holding the camcorder is in full focus but the rest of the advertisement is slightly blurred, this makes the product stand out. There are two slogans Shoot it, Send it, Pull Ripcord’ which is a three part list and an imperative and ‘go create’, which is an imperative. The first slogan is solely for the camcorder and is positioned in the top left which is the first thing you would look at, secondly the universal Sony slogan in the bottom right, the last thing you would look at. The slogans are in very understated fonts very similar to Arial, Times New Roman or Tahoma; this plays down the slogans and putting emphasis on the skydiver. In the Samsung television advertisement we find that the camera angle is a long shot of the businessman and the beach, this adds to the impression of ease a complete lack of cares in the world this product could create. The only clear and crisp part of the advertisement is the image of the product: the flat screen television, this helps to promote the product as you look at the advertisement. The product slogan ‘mix business with pleasure’ is positioned in the top right but is in a larger font than the Sony advertisement so that it occupies a much larger area of the advertisement. It is in a very rounded font similar to Square 721 Cn BT to add to the relaxed feel of the advertisement. ‘Mix business with pleasure’ is a play on words and a two part contrast. Also in the Samsung Electronics advertisement there is the universal Samsung slogan: ‘Samsung Digitall, everyone’s invited’ this is a two part contrast and an imperative. This advertisement is not as interestingly arranged and the universal Samsung Electronics slogan is not linked in with the product whereas the Sony advertisement has a series of circles showing what the product can do and in the final circle is the slogan. Because we in class only had black and white photocopies of the advertisements I cannot comment on the use of colour. In the Sony advertisement the whole feel of the image is one of a fast paced and action packed lifestyle, this however is in complete contrast with the Samsung television advertisement which is laid back and relaxed. The use of connecting the product to a certain type of lifestyle is used in almost all display advertisements and changes the passer by’s perception of the product and company. Peter Atkin Sunday 31st March 2002 A Comparison of Two Types of Display Advertisements.

Prostitution misc essays

Prostitution misc essays What is prostitution? Prostitution is the After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited. This is from section one of the eighteenth amendment of the constitution, making alcohol illegal in the United States. To this day it is still the only amendment ever to be repealed. Why didn't prohibition work? Because you can't take away the publics right to sin and to live there lives the way they see fit. The same thing can be said for prostitution, which like alcohol consumption or gambling, is a "victimless crime." Many say that one of the main reasons prostitution is illegal is because it might bring a "bad element" to the area that it takes place in, but if we look at other countries and cities that allow it this couldn't be further from the truth. Rollin M. Perkins author of the book Criminal Law, sites that while our government fights the war on prostitution attempting to make it completely illegal, other major countries such as England and Scotland only regulate the industry. Does this make crime run rampant in these other countries? Well England's crime rate is significantly lower than that of the United States, in fact a recent study showed that there are more murders in New York city in one day alone, than in all of one year in England. Contrary to popular belief prostitution is illegal in only forty-nine of our countries fifty states. In Carson City and Reno Nevada prostitution is legal but still regulated. There are houses on the outskirts of these two cities often referred to as "brothels" in which soliciting prostitution is as legal as going out to eat for dinner. The government requires that these houses be licensed, taxed, and even given a "health inspec...

Do You Need to Take the ACT for Community College

Do You Need to Take the ACT for Community College SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Do you have questions about applying to community college? I have answers! For starters, most community colleges do not require ACT scores. In fact, the vast majority are open enrollment: as long as you meet a few basic requirements (the main one is generally having a high school diploma or GED), you’re in. The exception to this rule isif you're interested in more selective programs in science or law enforcementor if you're planning to transfer to a four-year university. In these cases, you may need to take the SAT or ACT. In this post, I’ll explain the application process for community colleges in more depthand what steps you’ll need to take to apply. What Do You Need to Apply to Community College? The application for community college is very easy. It has just two, or sometimes three, parts: an application form with some basic information your high school transcript or GED in some cases,an application fee (though many schools don't require one) Keep in mind that filling out the application is just the first step. Once you’re accepted, you may need to take a placement test and/or meet with an academic counselor. What If You've Already Taken the ACT? Again, most community colleges don’t require ACT scores for admission, so you shouldn’t register for the test. That being said, if you’ve already taken the test, you may end up wanting to send your scores to the school. As I mentioned above, community colleges generally require aplacement test to determine what level your English and math skills are at and whether you need remedial help. If you scored highly enough on your ACT, you may be able to opt out of this part of the enrollment process. Keep in mind, however, that if you haven’t taken the ACTit will probably be cheaper (or even free) to take the placement test offered by the school. University of Oregon (Jeff Ozvold/Flickr) AreThere Any Reasons Why You Would Need the ACT for Community College? Although community colleges themselvesdon't ask for standardized test scores, you may still need them, depending on your long-term plan. Those students who want to apply to a specialized program or transfer to a four-year university may need to submit ACT or SAT scores. Applying to Specialized Programs Certain community college programs, like nursing and law enforcement, often have more selective requirements than the school as a whole, and some may request standardized test scores. If you’re interested in a specific program make sure to check with yourcollege and find outwhat its admission requirements are and what you’ll need to do to meet them. Transferring to a Four-Year School Additionally, youmay need to take the ACTif you're planning to transfer to a four-year college or university. For some schools, transfer applicants (whether from other four-year schools or from community colleges) areasked to submit standardized test scores, though the exact requirements often depend on how many credits you've completed. Policies on standardized tests for transfer students vary, but, generally, the fewercredits you've completed, the morelikely it is that you'll need to submit ACTor SATscores. (It's often best if you've completed your associate degree.) Pathway programs, which provides priority admission at an affiliated four-year school, also tend to allow you to skip the standardized testing. However, some colleges and universities- mostly, though not exclusively, selective private schools- do require standardized test scores fromall students who apply.I've listed some examples of each type below. Schools that Require SATs or ACTs for Upper-Level Transfer Students Harvard University University of Chicago University of Virginia Tulane University Schools that Don't Require SATs or ACTs for Upper-Level Transfer Students University of California University of Colorado Pitzer College NYU University of Texas University of Florida Miami University (Ohio) This list is obviously not exhaustive, so no matter what,double check the requirementsto transfer tothe specific school and program you'd like to attend. What Are Your Next Steps? Confirm Admission Requirements with the School You’re Interested In This article offers general advice that will apply to most schools, but there’s always a chance that the community college you’re interested in will have different requirements. Make sure to research the application process for the school you want to attend. This info can usually be found on the school’s website, but if you have any questions don’t hesitate to go aheadand call the peopleat the admissions office. They’re there to help! Study for the Placement Test Just because it’s not the ACT doesn’t mean the placement test isn’t important- make sure you’re prepared so that you don’t have to repeat a bunch of material you already know. Plan for the Future If you are planning on transferring to a four-year schooldown the road, set yourself up for success by checkingthe transfer requirements at the schools where you want to apply well in advance. Here are some good questions to ask: what kind of classes do you need to take? is there an admission agreement between your community college and the university you want to attend? are there other requirements like recommendation letters, standardized test scores, or supplemental essays? Knowing what will be expected of you from the beginning helps ensurethat you're in the best position to transfer to a four-year school after completing your associate degree. Other Recommended Reading If you do need to take the ACT, take a look at our test prep guidesand checkwhether you wouldn't rather take the SAT. Also check out ourcomplete guide to transferring colleges! Disappointed with your ACT scores? Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Alex Heimbach About the Author Alex is an experienced tutor and writer. Over the past five years, she has worked with almost a hundred students and written about pop culture for a wide range of publications. She graduated with honors from University of Chicago, receiving a BA in English and Anthropology, and then went on to earn an MA at NYU in Cultural Reporting and Criticism. In high school, she was a National Merit Scholar, took 12 AP tests and scored 99 percentile scores on the SAT and ACT. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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